Poverty rates by state from 1970 to 2022.
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In general, poverty is defined as having household income below a specific benchmark. Accordingly, statistics on poverty in Malaysia are produced and published together with statistics on household income derived from the Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES), which is conducted at least twice within any 5-year period. This dataset presents 3 definitions of poverty:
For full details on the methodology, especially the computation of the PLI and its evolution and nuances, please refer to the technical notes.
Given that the data is produced from surveys spanning over half a century, the following methodological changes should be noted:
The Household Income Survey Report, 2022, the latest edition of the household income statistics published by DOSM. OpenDOSM also features a dashboard on household income which enables you to explore Malaysia's household income data interactively.
Poverty rates by state from 1970 to 2022.
Name in Dataset | Variable | Definition |
---|---|---|
state (Categorical) | State | One of 16 states, including the 3 Federal Territories |
date (Date) | Date | The date in YYYY-MM-DD format, with MM-DD set to 01-01 as the data is at annual frequency |
poverty_absolute (Float) | Absolute Poverty Rate | Proportion of households with monthly income below the Poverty Line Income (PLI) |
poverty_hardcore (Float) | Hardcore Poverty Rate | Proportion of households with monthly income below the Food Poverty Line Income (Food PLI) |
poverty_relative (Float) | Relative Poverty Rate | Proportion of households with monthly income below half the state median income |
28 Jul 2023, 12:00
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This data is made open under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). A copy of the license is available Here.
Full Dataset (CSV)
Recommended for individuals seeking an Excel-friendly format.
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Full Dataset (Parquet)
Recommended for data scientists seeking to work with data via code.
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Connect directly to the data with Python.
# If not already installed, do: pip install pandas fastparquet
import pandas as pd
URL_DATA = 'https://storage.dosm.gov.my/hies/hh_poverty_state.parquet'
df = pd.read_parquet(URL_DATA)
if 'date' in df.columns: df['date'] = pd.to_datetime(df['date'])
print(df)
The following code is an example of how to make an API query to retrieve the data catalogue mentioned above. You can use different programming languages by switching the code accordingly. For a complete guide on possible query parameters and syntax, please refer to the official Open API Documentation.
import requests
import pprint
url = "https://api.data.gov.my/data-catalogue?id=hh_poverty_state&limit=3"
response_json = requests.get(url=url).json()
pprint.pprint(response_json)
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